One-piece stud and socket



Jan. 15, 1935. D. I. RElTER ONE-PIECE STUD AND SOCKET .Filed Nov. 22, 1933 IINVENTOR Daniel 1. F8128! Patented Jan."15, 1935 PATENT ONE PIECE STUD AND SOCKET Daniel I. Reiter, New York, N. Y. Application November-22, 1933, Serial No. 699,716

13 Claims. (01. 245-216) This invention relates to one-piece snap fasteners andsnap fastener installations and particularly,'to the type disclosed in my co-pending application for patent for One-piece stud and socket, Serial No. 680,969. In my said co-pending application, I have shown a one-piece snap fastener element in the form'of a socket made from a flat blank, which blank is provided with radiating arms, the arms being bent to form the-sides of the socket and part of the tubular wall thereof and the ends of the alternate arms being bent outwardly to form a discontinuous flange, the

ends of the remaining armsbeing bent to form resilient fingers.

In my said co-pending application, I have further shown a one-piece snap fastener element in the form of a stud formed similarly to the socket from a flat blank having radiating arms, and provided with portions adapted to be bent to form a flange provided with interlocking segments, the end portions of said arms beingbent outwardly to form a discontinuous flange similar to that of the socket element.

' It will be understood that in both the. socket and stud blanks, the end portions of the arms are first drawn'up into tubular form. When sold, the lower part of the fastener remains'in the form of a tube, theuser performing the flanging operation by bending the lower parts of thearms outwardly when the element is to be-secure'd to a sheet of material.

V In order to give the surfaces of the fasteners 'a proper finish, said fasteners are tumbled in a' suitable machinesuch as aball tumbling ma chine. During the tumbling operation, or when the fasteners are fed from a hopper to a setting machine, theunbraced or weaker parts of the element are likely to become distorted or bent as by the action thereon of thetumbling balls.

Furthermore, the arms of the discontinuous flange formed from the lower part of the fastener elementy'when applied to flexible. material suchas leather, fabric or the like, are likely to pull out through the opening of the sheet of material under stress applied to the element.

My present invention therefore. contemplates the provision of a self-reinforcing tubular part on the element which is not likely to become bent or distorted during the tumbling. operation orwhen tumbled in or fed from a hopper .or

otherwise abnormally but moderately stressed.

My invention further contemplates the provision-of. flange-forming means on the lower part of the element, which when bent outwardly to form the securing flange thereof, firmly grips the 'the hole in the sheet through Whichthe stud element embodying my invention;

sheet of material around an area in the shape of an annular ring and thereby forms a secure'attaching'flange not-likely to be pulled out through tubular portion of the element is inserted. My'invention further contemplates the provision of an attaching flange whichis practically complete and thereby presents 'a finished appearance. I

y invention'further contemplates the'provision of an inexpensive and'efiicientsnapfastener installation providing a one-pieceresilient'socket and a one-piece stud adapted to be flrmly secii'r'ed to comparatively flexible sheet materialsuch as leather, fabric or the like though it will be understood that the installation may be used in connection with comparatively rigid material such as card-board, Woodor the like, if desired. The various objects of my invention will be clear from the description which follows, and from the drawing, in which, T

V Fig. 1 is avertical section of a snapfastener installation embodying my'invention. V

Fig.2 is a similar section of the'socket element as it appears after it has been insertedthrough a' ho 1e inthe sheet but before the fianging operation 'has beenperformed. I Fig. -3 is a similar section of a modified form of the socket element in which the resilient stead of upwardly and inwardly.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan-view'of the socketelement shown in Fig. 2. I

Fig. 5- is an elevational view of a' blank from which the sockets ofFigs. 2 and 3 may be made.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section of one form of the,

Fig. 71s a top plan view of the same. I Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view of the same. I v

Fig. 9 is-a fragmentary elevational view of a blank from which-the stud element may be made. Fig, 10 is an elevational View partly in vertical section "of a modified form of the stud element wherein the stud head and sides are unslitted, but the lower thickness of the material of the flange is, formed of separate members and'inter- I looked Fig. 11 is a top plan View of the stud shown the same, 1

In the practical embodiment of my invention which ;I have shown byway of example and referring, particularly to Fig. '1 the one-piece I upwardly and inwardly as in Fig; 2 to form the resilient fingers 24 or are bent downwardly and outwardly as in Fig. 3 to form the resilient fin gers 2 5, the fingers in either casebeing adapted toengage the neck of the stud 11- and to yield during the'passage of the head of the stud therepast. 'The alternate arms, beyond the dash-dot the under surface 29 of said sheet.

.to form thetube or tubular portion 21.

however, the widths of the portions-26 are com-- socket element operatively engages theonepiece stud element 11.

' The socket is secured to a sheet of material 12, which while preferably of flexible material, may instead if desired, be comparatively hard or stiff material such as wood, card-board or the like. The stud 11 is secured to a similar sheet 13, the

socket being provided'with suitable resilient finof the separate arms radiating from the central portion 15, the edges of such arms being brought into adjacent relation. On alternatearn'is are provided; theportions18, (between the dashedot lines 19 and 20) forming alternate sections of the uppermost parts 21' of the tubular portion of the socket. Said tubular portion is continuous and integral with thesocket sides 17'and depends therefrom. On each of the remaining alternate arms, a somewhat longer portion 22 correspond-,

ing ,to theportions 18 forms the other part of the tubular portion 21.

The terminal portions 23 of the arms are bent line 20, terminate in circular segments as 26, designed to be bent outwardly from the tube-forming position thereof shown in Fig. 2, to ,form the attaching flange for the socket.

Said segments 26 are of suflicient width on the outer and inner peripheral edges to former substantially complete or closed flange best illustrated in Fig. 4. r

It will be understood that the blank 14. is first drawn up into the shape ofFig. 2 wherein the imperforate portion is shaped to form the head or cap of the socket. The parts 17 of the separate'arms form the. sides of said cap, the remainder of the armsbeing shaped and arranged positions, and then bending the remaining segment-carrying "arms to a position outwardly thereof. Nevertheless, the tubular portion 21 is made of substantially the diameter of the hole or opening 28 in the sheet 12 so; that said tubular portion may be passed through the hole 28 preparatory to flanging over the segments 26 on to words, the greatest width of, the segment 26 is greater than the circumference of the -tubular segments are spread apart from their "overlapping c e sedtq hed ir xtent;

The sidesv of the Since,

In other settingmachine. 1 1

positions and assume the positions shown in Fig. 4, wherein at least part of said segments 26 are in contact and form a substantially complete flange.

It will be understood that by making the edges 30 of the segments 26 more nearly radial of the blank, said edges may be brought closer to each other in the bent positions thereof as is, for ex ample, shown in connection with the stud blank of Fig. 9 and which will be later described in more detaiLin which case the-width at may be in- Referring now to Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive, I have there shown a resilient one-piece stud formed from the flat blank 31 of Fig. 9. Said blank is provided'with an imperforate central portion 32 from which is drawn the imperforate top forming the extreme upper part of the stud head. The

-sides-and neck ofthe-stud are formed from'the innermost parts 33 of the arms 34, said parts 33 being" suitably bent for that purpose into edgeadjacent relation, and being constricted at their lower ends toform the neck 35 of the stud,,.-.The

next outermost portions 36 of the arms 34 form the uppermost thickness of the doubled flange 4' 7. Said portions 36 are provided with interlocking and corresponding projections and recesses. As

shown, the projection 3''! is made on one of the edges of the portion 36, and the corresponding It will ,be

recess 38 is made on the other edge. understood, however, as pointed out in my said co-pending application, that the projections and recesses may be otherwise arranged so asto interlock with each other, The next adjacent portions 39, arranged outwardly of the portions 36, form theunder thickness of. the flange i'l. The outermost portions 40 of the arms 34 form the lowermost tubularportion of the stud and are similar to the. segments 26 hereinbefore described in connection with the socket. The edges 41- of the portionsAO are so arranged that when the portions 40 are turnedron to the under face 42' of the sheetof materiall3, said edges 41 are in contact or substantially in contactas shownin Fig.8.

As. has been hereinbefore indicated,- thej side edges 30 of thelsegments26i of the socket may them in contact. when flanged over. I

It will be seen thatthe tubular; portion of the stud is similar to the tubularportion 21 of the similarly be arranged at the desired angle to bring "socket, the separate members which are combined to make up said tubular portion overlapping to some extent due to their shape,-since the, outermost edges thereofare longerthan the innermost edges. as is best shown inFigsL'G and 9.- 0

In that form of my invention shown in Figs. 10

to 12 inclusive,'the head50of the stud, the neck 51 and the uppermost thickness 52 of thedoubled flange 53. aresunslitted, imperforate and continuous,the central portion of the'blank'bein'g imperjections 54 and recesses 55 'are'here formed on the under thickness of the flange '53 insteadzofthe upper thickness tthereofgas has been hereinbefore described in connection with Fig. 6. .By making the head and the upper thickness of ..the stud imperforate, said 'studbecomes more resistantto the distorting action of use, of the tumbling operation and of the operations necessitated'in' feeding the studs intosetting position in a'isuitable It will 'be noted that the sheet or material,.in

theca'seof the socket, is clamped between the sides 17 and the flange formed by the segments26 he .case 01? the .s l mthfl she t 13 is; clamped be- :itween th flen J7 and theflaneeformedzbvth r Se men s .9. tq-firmly s u e th tudto thesh t. I w l be n t I h v prcvicl da nee'niec .a tener. n ta at n. and-.. nan fa ener e emen ad ed. to be m .econqmical y; a 1 in l .fiat ame tha said el ments; are el iii reinforced against distortion during the finishing and settingoperations thereon, and are adapted to be flanged to form a substantially complete annular ring not likely to tear out through the hole in comparatively soft material through which they may be inserted, and presenting a finished appearance when attached in place.

While I have shown and described certain specific embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit myself thereto, but that my intention is to claim my invention as broadly as is permitted by the scope of the appended claims and the state of the prior art.

I claim:

1. In a one-piece snap fastener element having a part adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, a tubular portion depending from and of less diameter than said part, said tubular portion comprising a. series of separate members each of least width at the point adjacent said part and of greatest width at the extreme end thereof remote from said point, the end portions of said members overlapping the end portions of the adjacent members and being adapted to be bent outwardly against the other face of the sheet and in sufficiently close relation to each other to form a substantially complete annular flange securing the element to the sheet.

2. In a one-piece snap fastener element com prising an operating portion and an attaching portion, said attaching portion comprising a plurality of separate members arranged in overlapping relation to form a tube-like part adapted to pass through an opening in a sheet of material towhich the element is to be secured, said members being adapted, when bent outwardly against the face of the sheet and out of their overlapping relation to form an annular attaching flange for the element and being of sufficient width for that purpose and said members mutually bracing and reinforcing each other I and thereby preventing distortion of said tube-like part during a tumbling or setting operation on said element.

3. A one-piece snap fastener element comprising an operative portion adapted to engage a cooperating snap fastener element, a tubular portion adapted to be passed through an opening in a sheet and to be bent'to forma flange, and a portion projecting outwardly of the tubular portion and adapted to cooperate therewith to secure the element to the sheet, said tubular portion comprising a plurality'of separate members each arranged to overlap theadjacent members at least in part and being in mutual bracing and reinforcing relation.

4. In a one-piece snap fastener element, an attaching portion comprising a plurality of separate members each arranged to overlap the adjacent member at least at the end portion therof, and thereby to brace and reinforce each other against distortion, said members being arranged in tubular formation and adapted to be bent outwardly therefrom and out of their overlapping relation to form an annular flange.

5. In a one-piece snap fastener element, atubular attaching portion adapted to be passed through; an; openingin a sheet toajwhichtheielement is to be secured, and adapted to ba 'hentito form an attaching flange; saidxiportion comprisingaigplurality o'ffsimilar mutually self'ereinforcthereby bra'cing' each. other to resist the distort- ;ing actionofl a tumbling or settingoperatio'nn i 6. vIn a one-piece snap. fastener. elemenhfa-t'u- ..-'bular attaching portioncf more thanaasingle thickness of material, said portion comprising a plurality of separate members arranged in overlapping relation to mutually brace each other against the distorting effects of tumbling and setting operation.

7. A one-piece fastener element provided with separate members terminating at their upper ends in an integral connecting portion and at their lower ends in a tubular portion, said members being arranged in overlapping relation to said tubular portion to provide more than one thickness of material therein and to brace each other against the member distorting tendencies of tumbling and setting operations.

8. A snap fastener element adapted to be attached to a sheet including an attaching portion comprising a plurality of separate members having the upper portions thereof arranged in the form of a tube and passing through an opening in the Sheet and contacting with the wall of the opening, and having the lower portions thereto be passed through the opening in the sheet and bent on to aface cf the sheet to form an annular flange to secure the element to the sheet, said attaching portion comprising a predetermined number of separate, self-bracing, overlapping members of greatest width at their peripheral edges and tapering to a narrower width, said width being substantially equal to the outer most circumference of the annular flange divided by said predetermined number.

10. Themethod of making a one-piece snap fastener element from a flat blank having a'plurality of radiating arms comprising bending the,

central portion of the blank to form the head portion of the element, and bending the arms into mutualy bracing overlapping relation and into the form of a tube to resist the distorting tendencies on said arms of subsequent tumbling and setting operations.

11. A one-piece socket provided with separate members terminating at their upper ends in an integral connecting portion, and at their lower.

ends in a tubular portion, the alternate members being bent out of the tubular portion to provide resilient fingers, and the remaining members being arranged in overlapping relation.

12. In a one-piece socket provided with a continuous cap portion, a tubular attaching portion comprising separate members extending from and integral with the cap portion, alternate members being arranged in overlapping relation to provide more. than one thickness of material in said. tubular portion, and the end parts of the remaining membersprojecting inwardly of the of making. a one-piece snap I the central portionof the blankinto the head i portion of the element, bending the arms'into' overlappingrelation and into the form of a tube to carry the arms into mutuallybracing relation and to resist the distorting tendencies of the tumbling' and setting steps hereim iite'r men.-

tinned; tumbling the element, setting the element by passing the end'portions of said arms through an opening in a sheet, and spreading said end portions outwardly from the overlapping position thereof into edge contact, each to term a I segment of an annular attaching flange and together to form the substantially complete annular flange.

DANIELI. 3mm; 10 

